1. Gambling task<\/p>\n
———————————————————
\n2. Implied motion<\/p>\n
Conceptual effects on representational momentum. \u9019\u500b\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u63a2\u8a0e\u8868\u5fb5\u52d5\u91cf\uff0c\u5b83\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e86\u56db\u500b\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5148\u8209\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u5be6\u9a57\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u767c\u73fe\u70ba\u4f8b\uff08\u5176\u9918\u4e09\u500b\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u6539\u4e86\u523a\u6fc0\u5716\u7247\u7684\u7a2e\u985e\uff09\u3002\u6240\u8b02\u8868\u5fb5\u52d5\u91cf\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u6211\u5011\u5c0d\u65bc\u7269\u9ad4\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\uff0c\u6703\u88ab\u7269\u9ad4\u5148\u524d\u7684\u8b8a\u52d5\u8ecc\u8de1\u6240\u8a98\u5c0e\u800c\u7522\u751f\u504f\u79fb\u3002 ———————————————————<\/p>\n 3. Apparent motion ——————————————————— <\/p>\n ———————————————————- \u5d14\u65af\u66fc\u5c31\u662f\u63d0\u51fa\u7279\u5fb5\u6574\u5408\u7406\u8ad6(FIT)\u7684\u90a3\u500b\u8001\u5976\u5976\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u5ef6\u4f38\u7684\u932f\u89ba\u7d44\u5408\u6709\u8996\u89ba\u8207\u807d\u89ba\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5176\u4ed6\u611f\u89ba\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u7d50\u5408\u8a18\u61b6\u529b\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u7686\u53ef\u80fd\u7522\u751f\u932f\u89ba\u7d44\u5408\u3002 \u4eba\u985e\u77e5\u89ba\u4e0a\u6709\u5404\u7a2e\u6046\u5e38\u6027\uff08constancy\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u6046\u5e38\u6027\u662f\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u56e0\u7269\u9ad4\u8ddd\u96e2\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5c31\u7121\u6cd5\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u8a72\u7269\u9ad4\u61c9\u8a72\u6709\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002\u96d6\u7136\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5728\u5f88\u4e0d\u7d93\u610f\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u5b8c\u6210\u9019\u500b\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u8996\u89ba\u7cfb\u7d71\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u89e3\u6c7a\u6578\u5b78\u7121\u89e3\u7684\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u9019\u8207\u6211\u5011\u5075\u6e2c\u7269\u9ad4\u8ddd\u4e4b\u80fd\u529b\u6709\u95dc\u3002 ———————————————————————— \u9019\u662f\u76f8\u7576\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u5e7e\u4f55\u932f\u89ba\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5be6\u9a57\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u8b8a\u5411\u5167\u53ca\u5411\u5916\u7684\u77e2\u7fbd\u7dda\u7684\u593e\u89d2\u3001\u9577\u5ea6\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e2d\u9593\u76f4\u7dda\u7684\u9577\u5ea6\u7b49\u8b8a\u9805\u3002<\/p>\n Greogry \u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u500b\u8207\u8ddd\u96e2\u77e5\u89ba\u6709\u95dc\uff0c\u4f46\u5f8c\u4f86\u7684\u5b78\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\u8207\u77e2\u7fbd\u7dda\u6240\u5f62\u6210\u4e4b\u5716\u5f62\u64f4\u5f35\u611f\u6709\u95dc\u3002\u4f46\u4ecd\u6709\u4e0d\u660e\u78ba\u4e4b\u8655\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u4ed4\u7d30\u8abf\u6574\u8b8a\u9805\u4f86\u6aa2\u9a57\u3002<\/p>\n \u4e3b\u8981\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b Greogry (1966) \u9019\u662f\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u932f\u89ba\uff0c\u662f\u9760\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u8f03\u8fd1\u7684\u6708\u4eae\u770b\u4f86\u8f03\u9ad8\u639b\u5929\u9802\u6642\u70ba\u5927\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n \u89e3\u91cb\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u6709\uff1a\u5927\u5c0f\u8207\u8ddd\u96e2\u4e0d\u8b8a\u5047\u8a2d\uff08size-distance invariance hypothesis \uff09\u3001\u504f\u5e73\u5929\u9802\u8aaa\uff08flatted heaven hypothesis \uff09\u3001\u8996\u91ce\u64c1\u64e0\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7b49\u7b49\u4e0d\u4e00\u800c\u8db3\u3002 \u9019\u662f\u8207\u6df1\u5ea6\u77e5\u89ba\u5716\u665d\u7dda\u7d22\u6709\u95dc\u7684\u932f\u89ba\u3002\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u5448\u73fe\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u7b46\u76f4\u7684\u9435\u8ecc\u80cc\u666f\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\u653e\u7f6e\u4e00\u6a23\u9577\u5ea6\u7684\u6a2a\u7dda\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6703\u770b\u6210\u4e0a\u9762\u90a3\u4e00\u689d\u7dda\u6703\u6bd4\u8f03\u9577\u3002<\/p>\n \u5be6\u9a57\u53ef\u4ee5\u64cd\u5f04\u9435\u8ecc\u7684\u9577\u5ea6\u3001\u5169\u7dda\u593e\u89d2\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\u6df1\u5ea6\u7dda\u7d22\u7684\u91cf\u8207\u8cea\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n ———————————————————————- \u7576\u5e74Sperling\u4ee5\u90e8\u5206\u56de\u7b54\u7684\u6280\u5de7\u4f86\u8aaa\u660e\uff0c\u611f\u89ba\u767b\u9304\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u662f\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n \u539f\u59cb\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u662f\u76f8\u7576\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u503c\u7684\u518d\u7d30\u7dfb\u8003\u616e\u4e4b\u8655\u3002\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u5be6\u9a57\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u56de\u5831\u6642\u5e8f\u8d85\u6210\u7684\u640d\u5931\uff0c\u89e3\u6790\u5ea6\u8d85\u6210\u7684\u756b\u9762\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e4b\u9650\u5236\u7b49\u7b49\u3002 \u4e8b\u4ef6\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u6558\u8ff0\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u540c\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u4eba\u5011\u5c0d\u65bc\u8a72\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u6216\u9078\u64c7\u7684\u5224\u65b7\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n \u5047\u8a2d\u6709600\u500b\u4eba\u6703\u56e0\u67d0\u7a2e\u75c5\u75c7\u6b7b\u4ea1<\/p>\n \u60c5\u5883\u4e00\uff1a<\/p>\n \u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u6cbb\u7642\u624b\u6bb5 A \u5f8c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u62ef\u6551200\u500b\u4eba \u60c5\u5883\u4e8c\uff1a<\/p>\n \u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u6cbb\u7642\u624b\u6bb5 C \u5f8c\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u6709400\u500b\u4eba\u6703\u56e0\u6b64\u75c5\u75c7\u6b7b\u4ea1 \u96d6\u7136\u9019\u5e7e\u7a2e\u6cbb\u7642\u624b\u6bb5\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u6a5f\u7387\u90fd\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5169\u7a2e\u60c5\u5883\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u624b\u6bb5A\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u6bd4\u7387\u6703\u6bd4B\u9ad8\uff0c\u800c \u53ef\u53c3\u8003 \u4eba\u5011\u5c0d\u65bc\u6578\u503c\u7684\u4f30\u8a08\u5e38\u6703\u53d7\u5230\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u6240\u7d66\u4e88\u7684\u6578\u503c\u7dda\u7d22\u6240\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u50cf\u662f\u4eba\u5011\u5c0d\u65bc\u82b1\u8cbb\u91d1\u984d\u7684\u4f30\u8a08 \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a8*7*6*5*4*3*2*1 \u5e38\u88ab\u9ad8\u4f30\u65bc\u672c\u8eab\u7d93\u8a08\u7b97\u800c\u5f97\u7684\u6578\u503c \u5be6\u9a57\u53ef\u4ee5\u5982\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8a2d\u8a08\uff1a<\/p>\n \u7368\u8b8a\u9805\u4e00\uff1a\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u53ef\u4f9b\u6d88\u8cbb\u7684\u984d\u5ea6(\u4f8b\u59822000\u62165000) \u4f9d\u8b8a\u9805\uff1a\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u7684\u6d88\u8cbb\u91d1\u984d\u662f\u5426\u9ad8\u65bc\/\u4e0d\u8db3\u539f\u672c\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6d88\u8cbb\u984d\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n \u53ef\u53c3\u8003Tversky & Kahneman (1974) \u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u7814\u7a76<\/p>\n ————————————————————————– Behavioral script Wiki<\/p>\n Roger Schank \u548c Robert Abelson \u5728 1977 \u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u57fa\u6a21\u7684\u8868\u5fb5\uff0c\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u8173\u672c\u3002\u8173\u672c\u6307\u7684\u662f\u6211\u5011\u6703\u5c0d\u751f\u6d3b\u89d2\u8272\u3001\u52d5\u4f5c\u904e\u7a0b\u3001\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9806\u5e8f\u6709\u6240\u9810\u671f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u6211\u5c0d\u4e0a\u8ab2\u7684\u8173\u672c\u662f: 8:50\u5728\u6fdf\u4e16\u4e00\u6a13\u7b49\u96fb\u68af -> \u9032\u6559\u5ba4 -> \u67b6\u8a2d\u4e0a\u8ab2\u5668\u6750 -> \u8001\u5e2b\u9032\u6559\u5ba4 -> \u540c\u5b78\u59cd\u59cd\u4f86\u9072……..-> 12:00 \u4e0b\u8ab2\u3002 \u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599 \u81ea\u884c\u8a2d\u8a08\u5be6\u9a57\u5167\u5bb9 \u66dd\u5149\u6548\u61c9\uff0c\u7576\u5169\u500b\u500b\u9ad4\u4e92\u52d5\u6108\u983b\u7e41\u6642\uff0c\u6108\u5bb9\u6613\u5c0d\u5f7c\u6b64\u7559\u4e0b\u6df1\u523b\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u767c\u73fe\u66f4\u591a\u5438\u5f15\u7684\u8981\u7d20\uff1b \u53ef\u4ee5\u8a66\u8457\u53bb\u8b49\u660e\u51fa\u73fe\u6b21\u6578\u53ca\u597d\u611f\uff0f\u53ad\u60e1\u7a0b\u5ea6\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002<\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" 1. Gambling task ———&# … Continue reading
\nReed & Vinson(1996)
\nhttp:\/\/www.claremontmckenna.edu\/\u2026\/ReedVinson%20RM%20xhp%200\u2026<\/a><\/p>\n
\n\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u8b93\u5be6\u9a57\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u5206\u6210\u5169\u7d44\uff0c\u9019\u5169\u7d44\u90fd\u8981\u770b\u4e00\u500b\u610f\u7fa9\u4e0d\u660e\u7684\u7269\u9ad4\u5716\u6848\uff0c\u5b83\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5c16\u5854\u6216\u662f\u706b\u7bad\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u5169\u7d44\u4e5f\u88ab\u5206\u5225\u544a\u77e5\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5c16\u5854\u6216\u706b\u7bad\u3002
\n\u9019\u500b\u7269\u9ad4\u6703\u4ee5\u4e09\u5f35\u9023\u7e8c\u756b\u9762\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5448\u73fe\uff0c\u5728\u4e09\u5f35\u9023\u7e8c\u756b\u9762\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u7269\u9ad4\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6703\u9010\u6b65\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5728\u7b2c\u4e09\u5f35\u5716\u7247\u5448\u73fe\u4e4b\u5f8c\u6d88\u5931\u3002
\n\u7dca\u63a5\u8457\uff0c\u5be6\u9a57\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u6703\u770b\u5230\u7b2c\u56db\u5f35\u5716\u7247\uff0c\u5be6\u9a57\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u9700\u8981\u6bd4\u8f03\u9019\u7b2c\u56db\u5f35\u5716\u7247\u7684\u7269\u9ad4\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u548c\u525b\u624d\u6d88\u5931\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u5f35\u5716\u7247\u4f4d\u7f6e\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u9019\u7b2c\u56db\u5f35\u5716\u7247\u7684\u7269\u9ad4\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u671d\u300c\u5782\u76f4\u6216\u6c34\u5e73\u300d\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u7522\u751f\u300c\u4e94\u7a2e\u300d\u4e0d\u540c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u4f4d\u79fb\uff080\u3001\u6b63\u8ca00.2\u548c\u6b63\u8ca00.75\u516c\u5206\uff09\uff0c\u5be6\u9a57\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u9700\u8981\u300c\u5feb\u901f\u300d\u7684\u5224\u65b7\u7b2c\u56db\u5f35\u5716\u7247\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u5f35\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u540c\u3002
\n\u7d50\u679c\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u5c31\u72af\u932f\u7387\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u706b\u7bad\u7d44\u7684\u72af\u932f\u7387\u986f\u8457\u9ad8\u65bc\u5c16\u5854\u7d44\uff08\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662f\u7269\u9ad4\u4f4d\u7f6e\u932f\u4e86\uff0c\u5be6\u9a57\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u537b\u6c92\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5be6\u9a57\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u5370\u8c61\u4e2d\u7684\u7269\u9ad4\u662f\u4e0a\u5347\u7684\u706b\u7bad\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u8a18\u61b6\u4e2d\u7684\u706b\u7bad\u4f4d\u7f6e\u65e9\u5c31\u504f\u79fb\u4e86\uff09\u3002
\n\u7814\u7a76\u4e4b\u5f8c\u9084\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u63a2\u8a0e\u8868\u5fb5\u52d5\u91cf\u7684\u6548\u679c\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u89ba\u5f97\u9019\u500b\u5c31\u6709\u9ede\u8907\u96dc\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
\nGraham(1965)<\/p>\n
\n4. \u8a18\u61b6\u626d\u66f2(\u8a9e\u8a00\u5c0d\u8996\u89ba\u8a18\u61b6\u7684\u5f71\u97ff)
\n\u5be6\u9a57\u6d41\u7a0b
\n(1)\u7d66\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u770b30\u5f35\u6295\u5f71\u7247(\u6bcf\u5f353\u79d2)\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u5f35\u5448\u73fe\u4e00\u8f1b\u8f4e\u8eca\u505c\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u8def\u6a19\u524d\uff0c\u4e00\u534a\u7684\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u770b\u5230\u300c\u505c\u300d\u7684\u8def\u6a19\uff0c\u4e00\u534a\u770b\u5230\u300c\u8b93\u300d\u7684\u8def\u6a19\u3002
\n(2)\u8acb\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u56de\u7b5420\u500b\u548c\u6295\u5f71\u7247\u6709\u95dc\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u984c\u70ba\u95dc\u9375\u984c\uff0c\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u88ab\u554f\uff1a\u300c\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u8eca\u8d85\u904e\u505c\u5728\u300c\u505c\u300d\u7684\u8def\u6a19\u524d\u7684\u8f4e\u8eca\u3002\u300d\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u5c07\u300c\u505c\u300d\u6539\u6210\u300c\u8b93\u300d\uff0c\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u554f\u984c\u4e2d\u6c92\u6709\u63d0\u5230\u8def\u6a19\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u554f\u984c\u8207\u4e4b\u524d\u770b\u5230\u7684\u6295\u5f71\u7247\u6558\u8ff0\u4e00\u81f4\uff08\u770b\u5230\u7684\u8def\u6a19\u70ba\u300c\u505c\u300d\uff0c\u554f\u984c\u6558\u8ff0\u4e5f\u70ba\u300c\u505c\u300d\u7684\u8def\u6a19\uff09\uff0c\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u70ba\u8aa4\u5c0e\uff08misleading\uff09\u7684\u6558\u8ff0\uff0c\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u672a\u53d7\u63d0\u793a(none)\u3002
\n(3)\u8acb\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u770b\u4e00\u500b\u7121\u95dc\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u4e26\u56de\u7b54\u554f\u984c(20\u5206\u9418)
\n(4)\u8acb\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u770b15\u7d44\u914d\u5c0d\u7684\u5716\u7247(\u6bcf\u5c0d8\u79d2)\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u70ba\u4e4b\u524d\u51fa\u73fe\u904e\u7684\u5716\u7247\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u70ba\u65b0\u7684\u6c92\u51fa\u73fe\u904e\u7684\u5716\u7247\uff0c\u8acb\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u9078\u51fa\u4e4b\u524d\u770b\u904e\u7684\u5716\u7247(\u5f37\u8feb\u4e8c\u9078\u4e00)\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u7d44\u95dc\u9375\u5716\u7247\u70ba\u8f4e\u8eca\u505c\u5728\u300c\u505c\u300d\u7684\u8def\u6a19\u524d\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u5e7e\u4e4e\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u5716\u7247\u70ba\u8f4e\u8eca\u505c\u5728\u300c\u8b93\u300d\u7684\u8def\u6a19\u524d\u3002
\n\u7d50\u679c
\n\u4e00\u81f4\u7d44\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u7387>\u70ba\u53d7\u63d0\u793a\u7d44>\u8aa4\u5c0e\u7d44
\n\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u4e8c<\/p>\n
\n5. \u5408\u4f5c\u8207\u7af6\u722d – \u56da\u72af\u56f0\u5883(Prisoner’s dilemma) (Rapport)
\na) \u610f\u7fa9:\u4e00\u7a2e\u793e\u6703\u5169\u96e3\u7684\u56f0\u5883\u578b\u614b\uff0c\u7576\u4e8b\u8005\u5fc5\u9808\u6c7a\u5b9a\u548c\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u65b9\u5408\u4f5c\u6216
\n\u662f\u7af6\u722d
\nb)\u5178\u578b\u8a2d\u8a08\u65b9\u5f0f:\u7af6\u722d\u884c\u52d5\u5c0d\u4efb\u4e00\u65b9\u90fd\u6bd4\u8f03\u6709\u5229\uff0c\u4f46\u82e5\u96d9\u65b9\u90fd\u63a1\u53d6\u7af6\u722d
\n\u884c\u52d5\u5247\u60c5\u6cc1\u6703\u6bd4\u96d9\u65b9\u90fd\u63a1\u53d6\u5408\u4f5c\u9084\u6709\u7cdf\u7cd5
\nc)\u4ee3\u8868\u5be6\u9a57:\u5169\u500b\u72af\u7f6a\u540c\u5925\u88ab\u8b66\u65b9\u902e\u6355\u4e86\uff0c\u8b66\u65b9\u5805\u4fe1\u4ed6\u5011\u72af\u4e86\u91cd\u7f6a\uff0c\u4f46\u76ee\u524d\u53ea\u6709\u8f15\u5fae\u7684\u8b49\u64da\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d77\u8a34\u4ed6\u5011\u5169\u500b\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u78ba\u8a8d\u8f03\u91cd\u7684\u7f6a\u5211\uff0c\u8b66\u65b9\u5fc5\u9808\u63a1\u4fe1\u4e00\u65b9\uff0c\u4f86\u8a62\u554f\u51fa\u8f03\u91cd\u7684\u7f6a\u8b49\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8b66\u65b9\u5c07\u5169\u540d\u5acc\u72af\u9694\u96e2\u5075\u8a0a\uff0c\u5047\u8a2d\u4f60\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u540d\u7f6a\u72af\uff0c\u4f60\u77e5\u9053\u4e0d\u7ba1\u9078\u64c7\u8207\u53e6\u4e00\u5acc\u72af\u5408\u4f5c\u6216\u7af6\u722d\u90fd\u6709\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u4ee3\u50f9\uff0c\u4f60\u6703\u5982\u4f55\u9078\u64c7?
\n*\u6f5b\u5728\u4ee3\u50f9\u70ba:
\n1.\u82e5\u4f60\u8ddf\u5c0d\u65b9\u90fd\u9078\u64c7\u5408\u4f5c(\u5373\u4e0d\u627f\u8a8d\u5c0d\u65b9\u7684\u7f6a\u5211)\uff0c\u90a3\u96d9\u65b9\u90fd\u88ab\u95dc\u4e00\u5e74
\n2.\u82e5\u4f60\u9078\u64c7\u7af6\u722d(\u4f9b\u51fa\u5c0d\u65b9\u7f6a\u72c0)\u800c\u5c0d\u65b9\u9078\u64c7\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u90a3\u4f60\u4e0d\u7528\u88ab\u95dc\uff0c\u5c0d\u65b9\u5247\u88ab\u95dc10\u5e74
\n3.\u82e5\u4f60\u9078\u64c7\u5408\u4f5c(\u4e0d\u4f9b\u51fa\u5c0d\u65b9\u7f6a\u5211)\u4f46\u5c0d\u65b9\u9078\u64c7\u7af6\u722d(\u628a\u4f60\u4f9b\u51fa\u4f86)\uff0c\u4f60\u6703\u88ab\u95dc10\u5e74\uff0c\u5c0d\u65b9\u5247\u4e0d\u7528\u88ab\u95dc
\n4.\u82e5\u4f60\u8ddf\u5c0d\u65b9\u90fd\u9078\u64c7\u7af6\u722d(\u5f7c\u6b64\u90fd\u628a\u5c0d\u65b9\u4f9b\u51fa\u4f86)\uff0c\u4f60\u8207\u5c0d\u65b9\u90fd\u88ab\u95dc5\u5e74
\n\u6211\u8a8d\u70ba\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c07\u6b64\u56f0\u5883\u8207\u5b78\u751f\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u6240\u906d\u9047\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u7d50\u5408(\u5982:\u8981\u4e0d\u8981\u5c07\u8003\u53e4\u984c\u7d66\u5c0d\u65b9)
\n—————————————————————-
\n6. \u8996(\u4f3c\u6216\u81ea)\u52d5\u6548\u679c (autokinetic effect) (Sherif,1936)
\na)\u5be6\u9a57\u60c5\u5883:\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u88ab\u544a\u77e5\u662f\u8996\u89ba\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u8acb\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u5750\u5728\u6697\u5ba4\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u8ddd\u96e215\u6b65\u4e4b\u9060\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u6709\u71ed\u5149\uff0c\u8acb\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u4f30\u8a08\u5149\u9ede\u79fb\u52d5\u591a\u5c11\u8ddd\u96e2(\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u6839\u672c\u6c92\u6709\u79fb\u52d5)\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u8996\u932f\u89ba\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u539f\u56e0
\nb)\u61c9\u7528:\u5f9e\u773e\u6548\u61c9\uff0c\u591a\u4f4d\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u4e00\u8d77\u53c3\u52a0\u6b64\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u8acb\u4ed6\u5011\u5927\u8072\u5538\u51fa\u5149\u9ede\u79fb\u52d5\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\uff0c\u591a\u6b21\u56de\u5831\u7b54\u6848\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u6703\u8da8\u8fd1\u4e00\u500b\u76f8\u8fd1\u751a\u81f3\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u503c
\n——————————————————————–
\n7. \u6708\u6688\u6548\u679c(Halo effect) :
\na)\u610f\u7fa9:\u7576\u4ed6\u4eba\u5177\u6709\u6b63\u5411\u7279\u8cea\u6642\uff0c\u89c0\u5bdf\u8005\u6703\u5047\u5b9a\u4ed6\u64c1\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u6b63\u5411\u7279\u8cea\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\u4ea6\u7136
\nb)\u7d93\u5178\u5be6\u9a57(Dion):
\n1.\u8acb\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u770b\u7167\u7247\u4e26\u8a55\u5b9a\u4ed6\u4eba\u672a\u4f86\u662f\u5426\u6703\u662f\u597d\u7684\u4f34\u4fb6(\u4f9d\u8b8a\u9805)
\n2.\u64cd\u5f04:\u4e00\u7d44\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u770b\u7684\u7167\u7247\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u89d2\u4eba\u7269\u5916\u8868\u662f\u597d\u770b\u7684\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u7d44\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u770b\u7684\u7167\u7247\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u89d2\u4eba\u7269\u5916\u8868\u662f\u4e0d\u597d\u770b\u7684
\n3.\u7d50\u679c:\u8a8d\u70ba\u7167\u7247\u4e2d\u90a3\u500b\u4eba\u662f\u597d\u770b\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u6709\u8f03\u597d\u7684\u80fd\u529b,\u771f\u8aa0,\u79ae\u8c8c
\n———————————————————————–
\n8. \u4e0d\u6ce8\u610f\u8996\u76f2(inattentional blindness)
\n\u7531\u4f0a\u5229\u8afe\u5927\u5b78\u7684Daniel Simons\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b78\u7684Christopher Chabris\uff0c\u4fee\u6539\u4f86\u81eaNeisser\u53caBecklen\u7b49\u4eba(1975)\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5f8c\uff0c\u70ba\u76ee\u524d\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002
\n\u5be6\u9a57\u4e2d\u8981\u6c42\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u89c0\u770b\u50b3\u7403\u5f71\u7247\uff0c\u4e26\u8acb\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u8a08\u7b97\u5176\u4e2d\u7a7f\u9ed1\u8272\uff0f\u767d\u8272\u968a\u4f0d\u50b3\u7403\u7684\u6b21\u6578\u3002\u5728\u5f71\u7247\u7d50\u675f\u5f8c\u9664\u4e86\u8a62\u554f\u8a08\u6b21\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u4e5f\u518d\u8a62\u554f\uff0c\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u662f\u5426\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u5f71\u7247\u4e2d\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u4e4b\u8655?\u6bd4\u5982\u770b\u5230\u5927\u7329\u7329?
\n\u5728\u904e\u53bb\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u5728\u5c1a\u672a\u88ab\u544a\u77e5\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u7d04\u83ab\u670950%\u7684\u4eba\u7121\u6cd5\u81ea\u884c\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u5f71\u7247\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5c0b\u5e38\u4e4b\u8655\u3002\u6b64\u7a2e\u73fe\u8c61\u4e5f\u88ab\u5ee3\u6cdb\u904b\u7528\u65bc\u8a31\u591a\u9b54\u8853\u8868\u6f14\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd1\u671f\u64da\u8aaa\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u63a2\u8a0e\u9b54\u8853\u8207\u4e0d\u6ce8\u610f\u8996\u76f2\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u6027\uff0c\u6b64\u90e8\u5206\u53ef\u4ee5\u8acb\u5149\u5100\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u88dc\u5145\u8aaa\u660e\u3002
\n————————————————————————
\n9. illusory conjunction(Treisman & Schmidt, 1982)<\/p>\n
\n————————————————————————-
\n10. \u5927\u5c0f\u6046\u5e38\u6027<\/p>\n
\n\u7d93\u5178\u5be6\u9a57 Holway and Boring (1941)<\/p>\n
\n11. Muller-Lyer illusion<\/p>\n
\n————————————————————————
\n12. \u6708\u4eae\u932f\u89ba<\/p>\n
\n\u7d93\u5178\u5be6\u9a57 Kaufman and Rock (1962)
\n———————————————————————-
\n13. Ponzo illusion<\/p>\n
\n14. Sperling
\nwhole-partial report<\/p>\n
\n———————————————————————
\n15. \u6846\u67b6\u6548\u61c9(Framing)<\/p>\n
\n\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u6cbb\u7642\u624b\u6bb5 B \u5f8c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u67091\/3\u7684\u4eba\u6578\u5b58\u6d3b\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u4f46\u9084\u662f\u67092\/3\u7684\u4eba\u6578\u9084\u662f\u6703\u56e0\u6b64\u75c5\u75c7\u6b7b\u4ea1<\/p>\n
\n\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u6cbb\u7642\u624b\u6bb5 D \u5f8c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u67091\/3\u7684\u4eba\u6578\u5b58\u6d3b\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u4f46\u9084\u662f\u67092\/3\u7684\u4eba\u6578\u9084\u662f\u6703\u56e0\u6b64\u75c5\u75c7\u6b7b\u4ea1<\/p>\n
\n\u624b\u6bb5D\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u6bd4\u4f8b\u6703\u6bd4C\u9ad8(B\u548cD\u662f\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u6558\u8ff0\u65b9\u5f0f)<\/p>\n
\nTversky & Kahneman (1974)
\nKahneman, Slovic, & Tversky (1982) \u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u7814\u7a76
\n\u90b1\u8000\u521d\uff082003\uff09\u3002\u6846\u67b6\u6548\u61c9\u5b58\u5728\u55ce\uff1f\u7c4c\u78bc\u6548\u61c9\u5c0d\u98a8\u96aa\u6c7a\u7b56\u4e4b\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u4e2d\u83ef\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u520a\uff0c45\uff082\uff09\uff0c171-182\u3002
\n————————————————————————-
\n16. \u5b9a\u9328\u6548\u61c9(Anchoring)<\/p>\n
\n\u5e38\u6703\u53d7\u5230\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u81ea\u5df1\u672c\u8eab\u9810\u7b97\u7684\u984d\u5ea6\u9ad8\u4f4e\u4ee5\u53ca\u5546\u54c1\u7684\u55ae\u50f9\u9ad8\u4f4e\u6240\u5f71\u97ff<\/p>\n
\n1*2*3*4*5*6*7*8 \u5e38\u88ab\u4f4e\u4f30\u65bc\u672c\u8eab\u7d93\u8a08\u7b97\u800c\u5f97\u7684\u6578\u503c<\/p>\n
\n\u7368\u8b8a\u9805\u4e8c\uff1a\u5546\u54c1\u7684\u55ae\u50f9\u9ad8\u6216\u4f4e(\u4f8b\u598245,27,55,38\u76f8\u5c0d\u65bc160,210,280,390)<\/p>\n
\n17. \u884c\u70ba\u8173\u672c\u8207\u8a18\u61b6 (Behavioral script and memory)<\/p>\n
\n\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4eba\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u7d93\u9a57\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u8173\u672c\u7684\u7d30\u7bc0\u4e0d\u76e1\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u5927\u81f4\u4e0a\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9806\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982: \u4e0a\u8ab2 -> \u4e0b\u8ab2
\n\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u51fa\u81ea1979\u5e74 Gordon Bower\u3001John Black \u548c Terrence Turner\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7d66\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u8b8018\u500b\u7c21\u77ed\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e4b\u5f8c\u8acb\u53d7\u8a66\u8005
\n1. \u56de\u61b6\u6545\u4e8b\u5167\u5bb9- \u767c\u73fe\u56de\u61b6\u5167\u5bb9\u50be\u5411\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u8173\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u5be6\u969b\u5c1a\u672a\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u60c5\u7bc0\u3002
\n2. \u518d\u8a8d\u95b1\u8b80\u53e5\u5b50- \u767c\u73fe\u7576\u5167\u5bb9\u53e5\u5b50\u7b26\u5408\u8173\u672c\uff0c\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u78ba\u6027\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u78ba\u51fa\u73fe\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u8f03\u9ad8 (\u5373\u4f7f\u53e5\u5b50\u5be6\u969b\u4e26\u672a\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u6545\u4e8b\u4e2d)<\/p>\n
\n1. Google scholar- Gordon Bower\u3001John Black \u548c Terrence Turner
\n2. \u666e\u5fc3\u8ab2\u672c (Psychology and Life) \u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0 Memory + \u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0 Cognitive processes
\n3. Sterberg << Cognitive Psychology>><\/p>\n
\n\u7368\u8b8a\u9805:\u8173\u672c\u5167\u5bb9\u7d30\u7bc0\u8207\u5426
\n\u4f9d\u8b8a\u9805: \u56de\u61b6 (\u6216\u518d\u8a8d)\u7387\/\u932f\u8aa4\u7387
\n\u5be6\u9a57\u5730\u9ede: \u516b\u6a13\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4 (\u6216\u6216\u6709\u96fb\u8166\u7684\u5b89\u975c\u74b0\u5883)
\n\u4f7f\u7528\u5668\u6750: \u96fb\u8166+Superlab\u8edf\u9ad4 (\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u64ad\u6620\u8edf\u9ad4)+\u505a\u7b54\u7d00\u9304\u7d19
\n———————————————————————
\n18. \u55ae\u7d14\u66dd\u5149\u6548\u61c9<\/p>\n
\n\u4e0d\u904e\u5982\u679c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5370\u8c61\u662f\u4e0d\u597d\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u66dd\u5149\u8d8a\u591a\u6b21\u3001\u63a5\u89f8\u8d8a\u4e45\uff0c\u53ea\u6703\u8b93\u4eba\u66f4\u53ad\u60e1\u5c0d\u65b9\u3002
\n\u6709\u5be6\u9a57\u5c31\u8b49\u5be6\uff1a\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u7d50\u4ea4\u7570\u6027\u6700\u591a\u7684\u9014\u5f91\u4f9d\u5e8f\u662f\u73ed\u4e0a\u3001\u7e6b\u4e0a\u540c\u5b78\uff0c\u5176\u6b21\u662f\u806f\u8abc\uff1b\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u7db2\u8def
\n\u4ea4\u53cb\uff0c\u4e5f\u5fc5\u9808\u8981\u63a5\u89f8\u983b\u7e41\uff0c\u624d\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u6210\u70ba\u670b\u53cb\u3002<\/p>\n